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Name: All-Russian Classifier of Countries of the World Abbreviation: OKSM Designation: OK (MK (ISO 3166) 004-97) 025-2001 In English: Russian classification of countries of the world Responsible: Rostekhregulirovanie Reason: Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated December 14, 2001 No. 529 -st Date of introduction: 07/01/2002 End date: not established (there is no order to cancel the classifier or replace it with a new one) Last change: No. 24, valid from May 1, 2019 Reason for change: Order of Rosstandart dated February 20, 2019 N 45-st Adopted to replace the old classifier OKSM - OK (MK (ISO 3166) 004-97) 025-95.
Development and purpose
The All-Russian Classifier of World Countries was developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Classification, Terminology and Information on Standardization and Quality (VNIIKI) of the State Standard of Russia and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia). Introduced by the Scientific and Technical Directorate of the State Standard of Russia.
Purpose: identification of countries of the world, used in the exchange of information at the international level.
International standards: brought into compliance with the International Standard ISO 3166-97 “Codes for representing names of countries”, Interstate Classifier of Countries of the World MK (ISO 3166) 004-97.
Note: OKSM is part of the Unified System of Classification and Coding of Technical, Economic and Social Information.
Classifier structure
The structure of OKSM consists of 3 blocks:
- Digital identification - three-digit digital country code of the world;
- Name - short and full name of the country in the world;
- Letter identification - two-digit (alpha-2) and three-digit (alpha-3) letter codes consisting of letters of the Latin alphabet.
If the full name is missing, this means that it coincides with the short name. Letter codes have a visual association (similarity in spelling) with the generally accepted name of a country in the world. Two-digit codes are recommended for international exchanges. Three-digit codes are used for information exchange in exceptional cases. Changing the name of a country in the world may entail changing the letter codes, but this does not affect the digital code.
Example entry
RUSSIA Russian Federation 643 RU RUS in this entry: RUSSIA - short name of the country Russian Federation - full official name of the country 643 - digital country code RU - alphabetic code alpha-2 RUS - alphabetic code alpha-3It should be taken into account that the dictionaries and geographical maps published by Rosreestr use names of countries that differ from the names in OKSM.
Compound
- Countries of the world
- Appendix A. Names of countries of the world in alphabetical order
- Appendix B. List of alpha-2 codes and short names of countries of the world
- Appendix B. List of alpha-3 codes and short names of countries of the world
- Appendix D. Territories not included in ISO 3166-97. (Excluded)
- Appendix E. Short names and codes of countries of the world, distributed by macro-geographical regions
To fill out some documents, both Russians and citizens of other countries need to know citizenship codes in order to enter them in the appropriate fields. Failure to fill out official papers correctly will result in penalties. An individual, whether a foreigner or a citizen of Russia, being a taxpayer, is required to know all the necessary codes for the 2-NDFL certificate.
All the necessary information for preparing tax documents can be found in a special all-Russian classifier, which includes identification character sets for all countries of the world (abbreviated name OKSM).
Filling out a certificate by Russians
Regardless of whether your place of permanent registration is Russia, Ukraine, Belarus or another country, when filling out tax forms and other documents related to work and income, you must know all the necessary codes, OKIN, citizenship, etc. Until they are entered in the appropriate boxes, the document will be considered invalid, since it will not provide complete and comprehensive information about you.
Russian citizens will need to indicate the code combination of numbers assigned by the Russian Federation in the 2-NDFL certificate. It is written in paragraph 2.5 of the second block of the document called “Data on a civilian.” The OKSM of the Russian Federation is assigned the number 643. It must be entered in the above column.
The status of a stateless person does not relieve you of the obligation to enter the data recorded in the classifiers into the certificate. In the document, such a person needs to enter information about the country that issued him the identity paper. and can be downloaded here.
Next, continuing to work with the help, you should repeat the number from paragraph 2.5, but in line 2.9. Next, indicate the detailed address where the person for whom the document is being filled out lives. If we are talking about a foreign citizen, it is not the Russian temporary registration where the registration was carried out that is entered, but information about the foreigner’s place of residence in his homeland, the code of which he indicates, taking it from the all-Russian classifier. For convenience, the line can be filled in with both Cyrillic characters and Latin characters.
Features of issuing certificates for foreign citizens
A citizen of whatever country you are, when applying for work in the Russian Federation, you become registered with the tax service.
Employed foreign citizens are subject to the legislation of the Russian Federation, which they must strictly follow.
Having received taxpayer status, you become the owner of a TIN. If this abbreviation is also relevant in your home country, both INNs are indicated in the personal income tax. A foreign worker is allowed to write his personal data in Latin letters. For example, holders of Moldovan citizenship can enter their first and last names as is customary in their homeland. This will not be considered an error. It is important that the certificate data corresponds to the data of the foreign passport and other documents.
2-NDFL includes the code and address of the Russian Federation, as well as the code and address of the country of residence.
Table of codes of states, a large percentage of whose citizens work in Russia.
№ | State | Code in numbers | Code in letters | |
Alpha2 | Alpha3 | |||
1. | Russia | 643 | RU | RUS |
2. | Abkhazia | 895 | AB | ABH |
3. | The Republic of Azerbaijan | 031 | AZ | AZE |
4. | Armenia | 051 | A.M. | ARM |
5. | Belarus | 112 | BY | BLR |
6. | Georgia | 268 | G.E. | GEO |
7. | Ukraine | 804 | U.A. | UKR |
8. | Kazakhstan | 398 | KZ | KAZ |
9. | Kyrgyzstan | 417 | KG | KGZ |
10. | Moldova | 498 | M.D. | MDA |
11. | Tajikistan | 762 | T.J. | TJK |
12. | Turkmenistan | 795 | TM | TKM |
13. | Uzbekistan | 860 | UZ | UZB |
That is, in relation to the Russian Federation, everyone should write “643” in the column dedicated to encoding, and below, in the column “Code of country of residence,” the code of the country of citizenship. If this is Belarus, indicate “112”, citizens of Ukraine write “804”, citizens of Armenia - “051”, an individual whose main country is Kyrgyzstan must write “417”.
Thus, information about the citizenship of the registered taxpayer is entered into the document. Sometimes accountants have a question about what to do with persons who are not citizens of any country. The code 999 is relevant for them.
The full one can be downloaded here.
Vehicle country codes are required to identify the vehicle's state of registration. Previously, a sticker on which the country code was indicated in capital letters served this purpose. The distinguishing sign of the country of registration must be affixed to the rear of the vehicle near the license plate and may also be included in the registration number of the vehicle. If the decal is included in the registration number, it must also appear on the front registration plate of the vehicle.
The distinctive sign may be supplemented by the flag or emblem of the national state or the emblem of the regional economic integration organization to which the country belongs. The insignia must be displayed on the far left or far right corner of the registration plate. If a symbol/flag/emblem is present on the registration number, the decal must be placed at the leftmost position on the registration plate.
Recently, countries have been moving to determine ownership on registration plates. For example, in the European Union countries this code is displayed on the standard vehicle registration number. In this case, the sticker is no longer required.
Nevertheless, there were cases (for example, in Germany) when a fine was issued for its absence. To avoid misunderstandings, even if you don’t want to stick it, it’s better to take the sticker with you and stick it on the first request.
According to the Convention on International Traffic, the sticker must be in the form of an ellipse, the main axis of which is horizontal, and the letters must be black on a white background.
The data in all tables can be sorted in ascending/descending order by clicking on the column header.
European car codes
Code | A country | Valid from | Previous code | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Austria | 1910 | ||
ABH* | Abkhazia | 2006 | ||
AL | Albania | 1934 | ||
A.M. | Armenia | 1992 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
AND | Andorra | 1957 | ||
AX* | Åland Islands | 2002 | SF | Official code - FIN |
AZ | Azerbaijan | 1993 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
B | Belgium | 1910 | ||
B.G. | Bulgaria | 1910 | ||
BIH | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1992 | YU | Previously part of the SFRY |
BY | Belarus | 1992 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
BZH* | Brittany | Region in northwestern France | ||
CAT* | Catalonia | Autonomous community of Spain located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula | ||
CD* | diplomatic corps | |||
CH | Switzerland | 1911 | C onfoederatio H elvetica | |
C.Y. | Cyprus | 1932 | ||
CYM* | Wales | 1932 | Cym ru | |
CZ | Czech | 1993 | C.S. | Formerly part of Czechoslovakia |
D | Germany | 1910 | D eutschland | |
DK | Denmark | 1914 | ||
E | Spain | 1910 | E spaña | |
EH* | French Basque Country | Located in the southwestern part of the French department of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques | ||
ENG* | England | |||
EST | Estonia | 1993 | EW 1919–1940 & 1991–1993 SU 1940–1991 |
Previously part of the USSR |
F | France | 1910 | ||
FIN | Finland | 1993 | SF | Suomi Finland |
FIN | Liechtenstein | 1923 | F urstentum L iechtenstein | |
F.O. | Faroe islands | 1996 | FR | Fø royal |
G.B. | Great Britain | 1910 | ||
GBA | Alderney | 1924 | G reat B ritain – A lderney | |
GBG | Guernsey | 1924 | G reat B ritain – G uernsey | |
G.B.J. | Jersey | 1924 | G reat B ritain – J ersey | |
G.B.M. | Isle Of Man | 1932 | G reat B ritain – M an | |
GBZ | Gibraltar | 1924 | G reat B ritain – Gibraltar ( Z used since G is already used for Guernsey) | |
G.E. | Georgia | 1992 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
GEO | Georgia | 1992 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
GR | Greece | 1913 | ||
H | Hungary | 1910 | ||
HR | Croatia | 1992 | SHS 1919–1929 Y 1929–1953 YU 1953–1992 |
HR vatska. Previously part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, then part of the SFRY |
I | Italy | 1919 | ||
IRL | Ireland | 1962 | GB−1910 SE − 1924 EIR - 1938 |
Formerly part of Great Britain and the Irish Free State (1922-1937). Used in conjunction with the EIR code. |
IS | Iceland | 1936 | ||
KN* | Greenland | 1910 | GRO | K alaallit N unaat. Official code - DK |
L | Luxembourg | 1911 | ||
LT | Lithuania | 1992 | SU 1940–1991 | Previously part of the USSR |
LV | Latvia | 1992 | LR 1927–1940 SU 1940–1991 |
Previously part of the USSR |
M | Malta | 1966 | GBY 1924–66 | |
M.C. | Monaco | 1910 | ||
M.D. | Moldova | 1992 | SU−1991 | Previously part of the USSR |
NMK | North Macedonia | 2019 | YU − 1992 MK - 2019 |
Previously part of the SFRY. From 1992 to 2019 Macedonia. |
MNE | Montenegro | 2006 | MN 1913–1919 SHS 1919–1929 Y 1929–1953 YU 1953–2003 SCG 2003–2006 |
Independent nation until 1918. After that, part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, then part of the SFRY, and then Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia and Krna Gora - Serbian). Independence was restored in 2006. |
N | Norway | 1922 | ||
NIR* | Northern Ireland | N orthern Ir eland | ||
NL | Netherlands | 1910 | ||
P | Portugal | 1910 | ||
P.L. | Poland | 1921 | ||
PMR* | Transnistria | 1990 | ||
RKS | Kosovo | 2010 | KS | |
R.O. | Romania | 1981 | R 1930–1981 | |
RSM | San Marino | 1932 | ||
RSO* | South Ossetia | |||
RUS | Russia | 1992 | R 1910–1917 SU 1917–1992 |
|
S | Sweden | 1911 | ||
SCO* | Scotland | |||
SCV* | Vatican | |||
S.K. | Slovakia | 1993 | CS 1919–1939 & 1945–1992 SQ 1939–1945 |
Formerly part of Czechoslovakia |
SLO | Slovenia | 1992 | SHS 1919–1929 Y 1929–1953 YU 1953–1992 |
Previously part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, then part of the SFRY |
SMOM | Sovereign Order of Malta | S overeign M ilitary O rder of M alta | ||
SRB | Serbia | 2006 | SB – 1919 SHS 1919–1929 Y 1929–1953 YU 1953–2003 SCG 2003–2006 |
Previously part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, then part of the SFRY, and then Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia and Krna Gora - Serbian). Independence was restored in 2006. |
TR | Türkiye | 1923 | ||
U.A. | Ukraine | 1992 | S.U. | Previously part of the USSR |
V | Vatican | 1931 | SCV (Stato della Città del Vaticano) is used as a prefix on the license plate itself | |
VL* | Flanders | 1923 | Historical region in the territory of modern France, Belgium and the Netherlands. |
* - unofficial code
America's Automotive Codes
Code | A country | Valid from | Previous code | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
AG* | Antigua and Barbuda | |||
ARU* | Aruba | |||
AXA* | Anguilla | |||
BDS | Barbados | 1955 | ||
B.H. | Belize | 1938 | B ritish H onduras. After independence and name change, the state did not notify about the code change | |
BOL | Bolivia | 1967 | ||
BR | Brazil | 1930 | ||
B.S. | Bahamas | 1950 | ||
BVI | British Virgin Islands | 1910 | ||
C | Cuba | 1930 | ||
CND | Canada | 1956 | C.A. | |
CO | Colombia | 1952 | ||
CR | Costa Rica | 1956 | ||
DOM | Dominican Republic | 1952 | ||
E.C. | Ecuador | 1962 | ||
ES | Salvador | 1978 | ||
G.C.A. | Guatemala | 1956 | ||
GUY | Guyana | 1972 | BRG | Formerly British Guiana |
HN* | Honduras | |||
JA | Jamaica | 1932 | ||
KAN* | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Saint K itts a nd N evis | ||
MEX | Mexico | 1952 | ||
N.A. | Netherlands Antilles | 1957 | ||
NIC | Nicaragua | 1952 | ||
PA | Panama | 1952 | ||
P.E. | Peru | 1937 | ||
PR* | Puerto Rico | |||
PY | Paraguay | 1952 | ||
R.A. | Argentina | 1927 | R epública A rgentina | |
RCH | Chile | 1930 | R epública de Ch ile | |
RH | Haiti | 1952 | ||
S.M.E. | Suriname | 1936 | ||
TT | Trinidad and Tobago | 1964 | T.D. | |
USA | USA | 1952 | US | |
UY | Uruguay | 2012 | U 1930-1979 ROU 1979-2012 |
|
W.D. | Dominica | 1954 | ||
W.G. | Grenada | 1932 | ||
W.L. | Saint Lucia | 1932 | ||
W.V. | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1932 | ||
YV | Venezuela | 1962 |
* - unofficial code
Asian car codes
Code | A country | Valid from | Previous code | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
AFG | Afghanistan | 1971 | ||
BD | Bangladesh | 1978 | PAK | Formerly East Pakistan |
BRN | Bahrain | 1954 | ||
BRU | Brunei | 1956 | ||
BRU | Brunei | 1956 | ||
BT | Butane | BHT | ||
C.L. | Sri Lanka | 1961 | Previously C ey l on | |
CN* | People's Republic of China | |||
HK* | Hong Kong | 1932 | H ong K ong | |
H.K.J. | Jordan | 1966 | JOR | H ashemite K ingdom of J ordan |
IL | Israel | 1952 | ||
IND | India | 1947 | BI 1930-1947 | Formerly British India |
IR | Iran | 1936 | PR 1930-1936 | Previously Persia |
IRQ | Iraq | 1930 | ||
J | Japan | 1964 | ||
K | Cambodia | 1956 | ||
KG | Kyrgyzstan | 2016 | SU−1991 KS 1991-2016 |
Previously part of the USSR |
KGZ* | Kyrgyzstan | 1992 | SU−1991 KS 1991-2016 |
Previously part of the USSR |
KP* | North Korea | |||
K.S.A. | Saudi Arabia | 1973 | S.A. | K ingdom of S audi A rabia |
KWT | Kuwait | 1954 | ||
KZ | Kazakhstan | 1992 | SU−1991 | Previously part of the USSR |
LAO | Laos | 1959 | ||
MAL | Malaysia | 1972 | PRK – 1957 FM 1954-1957 PTM 1957–1972 |
Previously Perak, then Federated Malay States, then Federation of Malaya |
MNG | Mongolia | 2002 | MGL 1997–2002 | |
MV* | Maldives | |||
MYA | Myanmar | 1989 | BUR 1956-1989 | |
NEP | Nepal | 1970 | ||
OM | Oman | |||
P.K. | Pakistan | 1947 | ||
PS* | Palestine | |||
Q | Qatar | 1972 | ||
R.C. | Republic of China (Taiwan) | 1932 | ||
R.I. | Indonesia | 1955 | R epublik I ndonesia | |
R.L. | Lebanon | 1952 | ||
ROK | South Korea | 1971 | ||
R.P. | Philippines | 1973 | ||
SGP | Singapore | 1952 | ||
SYR | Syria | 1952 | ||
T | Thailand | 1955 | ||
T.J. | Tajikistan | 1992 | SU−1991 | Previously part of the USSR |
TL* | East Timor | P, RI | T imor- L este | |
TM | Turkmenistan | 1992 | SU − 1991, TMN | Previously part of the USSR |
UAE | United Arab Emirates | 1971 | ||
UZ | Uzbekistan | 1992 | SU−1991 | Previously part of the USSR |
VN | Vietnam | 1953 | ||
YEM | Yemen | 1990 | YAR 1960-1990 |
* - unofficial code
African car codes
Code | A country | Valid from | Previous code | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
ANG | Angola | 1975 | PAN 1932-1957 P 1957-1975 |
|
B.F. | Burkina Faso | 1990 | ||
B.W. | Botswana | 2003 | BP 1967-2003 | |
CAM | Cameroon | 1952 | ||
C.G.O. | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1997 | CB, RCL, CGO, ZR | |
C.I. | Cote d'Ivoire | 1961 | ||
COM | Comoros | |||
CV* | Cape Verde | 1975 | P | |
DJI* | Djibouti | F | ||
DY | Benin | 1910 | F | Pre-1975 Dahomey |
DZ | Algeria | 1962 | F − 1911 | |
EAK | Kenya | 1938 | E ast A frica K enya | |
EAT | Tanzania | 1938 | E ast A frica T anzania | |
EAU | Uganda | 1938 | E ast A frica U ganda | |
EAZ | Zanzibar | 1964 | E ast A frica Z anzibar | |
ER | Eritrea | 1993 | AOI | Africa Orientale Italiana (Italian) |
ET | Egypt | 1927 | ||
ETH | Ethiopia | 1964 | AOI - 1941 | A frica O rientale I taliana |
G | Gabon | 1974 | ALEF - 1960 | Afrique Équatoriale Française |
G.H. | Ghana | 1959 | WAC - 1957 | West Africa Gold Coast |
GQ* | Equatorial Guinea | G uinée É q uatoriale | ||
LAR | Libya | 1972 | I − 1949, LT | L ibyan A rab R epublic |
LB | Liberia | 1967 | ||
L.S. | Lesotho | 1967 | B.L. | |
M.A. | Morocco | 1924 | ||
MOS | Mozambique | 1975 | MOC 1932–1956 P 1957–1975 |
Formerly part of Portugal |
MS | Mauritius | 1938 | ||
M.W. | Malawi | 1965 | EA 1932–1938 NP – 1938–1970 RNY option 1960–1965 |
|
NAM | Namibia | 1990 | S.W.A. | Formerly South West Africa |
RCA | Central African Republic | 1962 | ||
RCB | Republic of the Congo | 1962 | ||
RG | Guinea | 1972 | ||
RIM | Mauritania | 1964 | ||
R.M. | Madagascar | 1962 | R publication M adagascar | |
RMM | Mali | 1962 | AOF − 1960 | Republique du Mali. |
RN | Niger | 1975 | AOF − 1960 | R publication du N iger" Formerly part of French West Africa (Afrique Occidentale Française). |
RU | Burundi | 1962 | R uanda- U rundi | |
R.W.A. | Rwanda | 1964 | RU − 1962 | R uanda- U rundi |
SD | Eswatini | 1935 | Previously Swaziland until 2018 | |
S.N. | Senegal | 1962 | ||
STP* | Sao Tome and Principe | 1975 | P | São T omé and P ríncipe |
SUD | Sudan | 1963 | ||
S.Y. | Seychelles | 1938 | ||
TCH | Chad | 1973 | ||
TG | Togo | 1962 | ||
TN | Tunisia | 1957 | F − 1956 | |
WAG | Gambia | 1932 | W est A frica G ambia | |
WAL | Sierra Leone | 1937 | W est A frica Sierra L eone | |
WAN | Nigeria | 1937 | W est A frica N igeria | |
WSA* | West Sahara | 1932 | W estern Sa hara | |
Z | Zambia | 1964 | ||
ZA | South Africa | 1936 | Z uid- A frika | |
ZW | Zimbabwe | 1980 | SR - 1965 RSR - 1980 |
Previously Southern Rhodesia, then Rhodesia |
* - unofficial code
Car codes of Australia and Oceania
Code | A country | Valid from | Previous code | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
ARK* | Antarctica | |||
AUS | Australia | 1954 | ||
F.J.I. | Fiji | 1971 | ||
FSM* | Federated States of Micronesia | F ederated S tates of M icronesia | ||
KIR* | Kiribati | |||
MH* | Marshall Islands | M ars h all Islands | ||
NAU | Nauru | 1968 | ||
NC* | New Caledonia | 1968 | N ouvelle- C aledonie | |
NZ | New Zealand | 1958 | ||
PAL* | Palau | |||
PNG | Papua New Guinea | 1978 | ||
SOL* | Solomon islands | |||
TO* | Tonga | |||
TUV* | Tuvalu | |||
VU* | Vanuatu | |||
W.S. | Samoa | 1962 |
* - unofficial code
Legacy codes
Code | A country | Valid until | Replaced by | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
ADN | Aden | 1980 | Y | 1938-1967 South Yemen 1967-1980 People's Democratic Republic of Yemen |
AEF | French Equatorial Africa | 1960 | G, TCH | |
AOF | French West Africa | 1962 | DY, RMM, RN | |
AOI | Italian East Africa | 1964 | ER, ETH | |
B.A. | Burma | 1956 | BUR | |
B.P. | Bechuanaland | 1966 | B.W. | |
C.S. | Czechoslovakia | 1992 | CZ, SK | |
D.A. | Free City of Danzig | 1939 | D (1939–1945) PL (1945-...) |
1919-1939 |
DDR | GDR | 1990 | D | 1974-1990 German Democratic Republic |
G.B.Y. | Malta | 1966 | M | |
E.W. | Estonia | 1940 | S.U. | 1919-1940 |
LR | Latvia | 1940 | S.U. | 1927-1940 |
PR | Persia | 1936 | IR | 1930-1936 |
R | Russian empire | 1917 | S.U. | 1910-1917 |
RSR | Southern Rhodesia | 1917 | S.U. | 1910-1917 |
S.A. | Saar | 1956 | D | 1926–1935, 1947–1956 |
SHS | Kingdom of Yugoslavia | 1929 | Y | 1919–1929 |
S.M. | Siam | 1939 | T | 1930–1939 |
S.U. | USSR | 1991 | EST, LT, LV, BY, MD, UA, TJ, TM, GE, KZ, UZ, KS, AZ, AM, RUS | 1917-1991 |
T.S. | Free Territory of Trieste | 1954 | I | |
Y | Yugoslavia | 1953 | YU | 1929-1953 |
YU | Yugoslavia | 2003 | BIH, HR, MK, MNE, SLO, SRB | 1953–2003 |
H.V. | Upper Volta | 1984 | B.F. | now Burkina Faso |
MK | Macedonia | 2019 | NMK | Now North Macedonia |
* - unofficial code
Manufacturer barcode is a sequence of black and white stripes that represents some information in a form convenient for reading by technical means. The information contained in the code can be printed in a readable form under the code (decryption). Bar codes are used in trade, warehouse accounting, librarianship, security systems, postal services, assembly production, and document processing. In global trade practice, it is common to use EAN barcodes to label goods. In accordance with the accepted procedure, the manufacturer of the product applies a bar code to it, generated using data about the country of location of the manufacturer and the manufacturer’s code. The manufacturer code is assigned by the regional branch of the international organization EAN International. This registration procedure eliminates the possibility of two different products with the same codes appearing.
There are various ways of encoding information, called (barcode encodings or symbologies). There are linear and two-dimensional barcode symbologies.
Linear (ordinary), in contrast to two-dimensional, are barcodes that are readable in one direction (horizontally). The most common linear symbologies: EAN, UPC, Code39, Code128, Codabar, Interleaved 2 of 5. Linear symbologies allow you to encode a small amount of information (up to 20-30 characters - usually numbers) using simple barcodes readable by inexpensive scanners. Example EAN-13 symbology code:
Two-dimensional symbols are those designed to encode large amounts of information (up to several pages of text). 2D barcode is read using a special two-dimensional code scanner and allows you to quickly and accurately enter a large amount of information. Deciphering such a code is carried out in two dimensions (horizontally and vertically). Datamatrix, Data Glyph, Aztec.
The bar code can be applied during packaging production (by printing) or using self-adhesive labels that are printed using special printers.
Decoding the manufacturer's barcode
Using a bar code, information about some of the most important parameters of the product is encrypted. The most common are the American Universal Product Barcode UPC and the European EAN coding system. The most common EAN/UCC product numbers are EAN-13, EAN-8, UPC-A, UPC-E and the 14-digit shipping packaging code ITF-14. There is also a 128-bit UCC/EAN-128 system. According to one system or another, each type of product is assigned its own number, most often consisting of 13 digits (EAN-13).
Take, for example, the digital code: 4820024700016. The first two digits (482) mean the country of origin (manufacturer or seller) of the product, the next 4 or 5 depending on the length of the country code (0024) - the manufacturer, five more (70001) - name of the product, its consumer properties, dimensions, weight, color. The last digit (6) is a control digit used to check whether the scanner is reading strokes correctly.
Barcode EAN-13
For "product code":
1. number: product name,
2. figure: consumer properties,
3. figure: dimensions, weight,
4. number: ingredients,
5. number: color.
An example of calculating a check digit to determine the authenticity of a product
1. Add the numbers in even places: 8+0+2+7+0+1=18
2. Multiply the resulting amount by 3: 18x3=54
3. Add the numbers in odd places without a check digit: 4+2+0+4+0+0=10
4. Add the numbers indicated in steps 2 and 3: 54+10=64
5. Discard tens: we get 4
6. Subtract from 10 what was obtained in step 5: 10-4=6
If the number obtained after calculation does not match the control number in the barcode, this means that the product was produced illegally.
Manufacturer barcode correspondence table for countries around the world
Manufacturer barcode |
EAN Organization |
|
USA and Canada |
UCC (U.S.A. & Canada) |
|
Internal company barcode |
||
GENCOD-EAN France |
||
Bulgaria |
||
Slovenia |
||
Croatia |
||
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
EAN-BIH (Bosnia-Herzegovina) |
|
Germany |
||
Distribution Code Center - DCC (Japan) |
||
UNISCAN / EAN RUSSIA (Russian Federation) |
||
Kyrgyzstan |
||
EAN Estonia (Estonia) |
||
Azerbaijan |
||
Uzbekistan |
||
Sri Lanka |
||
Philippines |
PANC (Philippines) |
|
Belarus |
||
Kazakhstan |
||
HKANA (Hong Kong) |
||
Great Britain |
||
HELLCAN - EAN HELLAS (Greece) |
||
Macedonia |
EAN-MAC (FYR Macedonia) |
|
Ireland |
||
Belgium, Luxembourg |
ICODIF/EAN Belgium.Luxembourg |
|
Portugal |
CODIPOR (Portugal) |
|
Iceland |
||
South Africa |
EAN South Africa |
|
Mauritius |
||
EAN Maroc (Morocco) |
||
Ivory Coast |
||
TUNICODE (Tunisia) |
||
Jordan |
||
Saudi Arabia |
EAN Saudi Arabia |
|
United Arab Emirates |
||
Finland |
||
Article Numbering Center of China - ANCC (China) |
||
Norway |
EAN Norge (Norway) |
|
Israeli Bar Code Association - EAN Israel |
||
Guatemala |
||
Salvador |
||
Honduras |
||
Nicaragua |
||
Costa Rica |
||
Dominican Republic |
EAN Republica Dominicana |
|
Venezuela |
||
Switzerland |
EAN (Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera) |
|
Colombia |
||
Argentina |
CODIGO - EAN Argentina |
|
Paraguay |
||
Brazil |
||
Camera de Comercio de la Republica de Cuba (Cuba) |
||
Slovakia |
||
Yugoslavia |
EAN YU (Yugoslavia) |
|
Mongolia |
||
North Korea |
EAN DPR Korea (North Korea) |
|
Union of Chambers of Commerce of Turkey (Turkey) |
||
Netherlands |
EAN Nederland (Netherlands) |
|
South Korea |
EAN Korea (South Korea) |
|
Cambodia |
||
Singapore |
SANC (Singapore) |
|
Indonesia |
||
Australia |
||
New Zealand |
||
Malaysia |
Malaysian Article Numbering Council (MANC). |
|
960-969 |
UK (for EAN-8) |
|
Periodicals ISSN |
||
Book editions ISBN |
||
ISMN music publications |
||
Return receipts |
||
Currency coupons |
||